"TOE explores and defines ways to study transnational European history with a focus on the role of technology as a force of change. Technology is defined not only as machines, products, systems, and infrastructures but also as skills and knowledge that make them work. In addition, technological change is understood as a deeply political and social process involving people and institutions. This insight facilitates research into how the construction and use of new technologies have been crucial research sites for articulating a range of Europe's, and also more specific various European integration projects in material, institutional, and discursive ways."